Future Value Calculator
Project a starting balance + monthly contributions forward, with any compounding frequency.
Inputs
How it works
FV = PV·(1+i)^N + PMT·((1+i)^N − 1)/i, where i = r/n and N = n·t. Choose end- or beginning-of-period contributions.
Frequently asked questions
What's the difference between end-of-period and beginning-of-period?
End (ordinary annuity) is the default — you contribute at month-end and it earns interest starting next period. Beginning (annuity due) contributes at month-start and earns one extra period of interest, worth ~(1+i) more.
How does compounding frequency affect FV?
Higher frequency → slightly higher FV. Monthly vs annually on 6% for 20 years differs by only ~1–2%.
Are contributions taxed?
In a taxable account, the growth is taxed each year. Inside a 401(k) or IRA, growth is deferred until withdrawal.
Is the return realistic?
For 20+ year horizons, diversified stocks have historically returned 7–10% nominal. Bonds ~4–5%. Adjust for your allocation.
What if I want an inflation-adjusted result?
Use r = nominal rate − inflation (a real return) to see today's-dollars value.