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What is a future amount worth today, given a discount rate? PV = FV / (1 + r/n)^(n·t).
PV = FV ÷ (1 + r/n)^(n·t). Higher rate or longer horizon = lower present value.
A dollar today can be invested at rate r and grow. A dollar received in the future is worth less because you missed that growth.
Your opportunity cost — the return you could realistically earn on money today (e.g. 5–7% for a diversified investor).
Yes. Use a real discount rate (nominal − inflation) if you're comparing to today's purchasing power.
PV = FV. Money in the future is worth the same as today only if you can't earn any return.
Yes — DCF (discounted cash flow) analysis sums the PV of all future free cash flows to estimate intrinsic value.
Results are estimates for educational purposes only and are not financial advice. Verify with a qualified professional before making decisions.
Last updated October 2026